gastroenterology

• approach to elevated liver enzymes elevated liver enzymes wip hepatocellular vs cholestatic pattern recognition, magnitude-based differential, first-pass workup
  4 min 2026-08-18
• hepatorenal syndrome HRS-AKI wip 2024 ADQI/ICA criteria, norepinephrine (Canadian first-line), SLK listing, prognosis
  long read11 min 2026-08-16
• spontaneous bacterial peritonitis SBP wip diagnosis (PMN ≥250), empiric antibiotics, albumin co-administration, primary/secondary prophylaxis
  8 min 2026-08-16
• viral hepatitis wip HAV, HBV (serology, CASL 2025, HCC surveillance), HCV (DAAs, SVR12)
  4 min 2026-08-18
• alcohol-associated hepatitis wip diagnosis, MDF/MELD, prednisolone ± NAC, Lille score
  4 min 2026-08-18
• MASLD wip 2023 nomenclature (MASLD/MASH/MetALD), FIB-4 → LSM pathway, resmetirom, semaglutide, weight loss thresholds
  4 min 2026-08-19
• cirrhosis wip compensated cirrhosis, cACLD, CSPH (Baveno VII non-invasive rule-in), HCC surveillance, aetiology workup
  6 min 2026-08-18
• decompensated cirrhosis wip ascites Mx, HE, HPS vs POPH, BSG admission bundle, scoring (Child-Pugh, MELD 3.0)
  6 min 2026-08-18
• variceal bleeding wip primary/secondary prophylaxis, AVH resuscitation + endoscopy, early TIPS, gastric varices
  5 min 2026-08-18
• hereditary hemochromatosis wip HFE genotypes, Tsat → genotyping algorithm, penetrance, phlebotomy, HCC surveillance
  4 min 2026-08-19
• autoimmune and metabolic liver diseases autoimmune & metabolic liver diseases wip AIH (Dx, induction/maintenance), PBC (UDCA, response criteria), PSC (no proven Tx, CCA risk), Wilson's (Leipzig score, chelation)
  6 min 2026-08-19

• gastro-oesophageal reflux disease GERD wip diagnosis, empiric PPI trial, alarm features & EGD indications, Lyon Consensus 2.0 pH-impedance, refractory GERD workup, anti-reflux surgery
  5 min 2026-08-19
• Barrett's oesophagus wip Prague classification, dysplasia grading & expert pathology, surveillance intervals, EET (EMR → RFA), surgical referral criteria
  4 min 2026-08-19
• dysphagia wip oropharyngeal vs oesophageal algorithm, mechanical vs motility, Chicago Classification v4.0, achalasia (types I–III, POEM vs LHM), pseudoachalasia
  4 min 2026-08-19
• eosinophilic oesophagitis wip diagnosis (≥15 eos/hpf, biopsy protocol), EREFS scoring, PPI → topical steroids → step-up elimination diet, dupilumab, dilation
  4 min 2026-08-19

• celiac disease planned serology algorithm, GFD, dapsone for DH
• IBD planned CD vs UC, medical Tx ladder, pre-biologic checklist, vaccination
• acute severe UC planned Truelove-Witts, IV steroids → rescue infliximab, toxic megacolon
• IBS planned Rome IV, subtype-specific Tx
• chronic diarrhoea planned stool osmotic gap, secretory vs osmotic, bile acid diarrhoea, microscopic colitis

• upper GI bleeding planned resuscitation, pre-endoscopy Rx (no TXA), antithrombotic management
• H. pylori planned indications, diagnostic tests, PBMT/PAMC eradication, test of cure
• Ogilvie's syndrome planned neostigmine protocol, stepwise approach
• vascular compression syndromes planned MALS vs SMA syndrome

• acute pancreatitis planned diagnosis, WATERFALL, gallstone ERCP indications, Atlanta classification, step-up approach
• autoimmune pancreatitis planned Type 1 (IgG4-RD) vs Type 2, steroid response
• chronic pancreatitis planned TIGAR-O, clinical triad, PERT

refeeding syndrome, gastroparesis, intestinal obstruction